Mooi stukje nog voor je basheeshit
Women in Afghanistan:
The struggle continues
Dateline: 06/26/00
After taking control of Afghanistan in 1996, the Taliban regime has imposed a strict interpretation
of Islam and has restricted women''s right to an education, employment and appropriate access to
health care.
Women are totally deprived of basic human''s rights:
The right to education
The right to work
The right to travel
The right to health
The right to legal resourses
The right to recreation
The right to be a WOMAN
The punishment for breaking these strict Taliban rules is extremely
severe as well. Women can be
stoned to death for walking with a man that is not a relative. Some
women have been beaten for not
being properly dressed and women have been shot for living there
home without a male relative to accompanied them. In 1999, a woman
was publicly executed for the first time in a stadium full with
thousands of spectators, for beating her husband.
Of dit:
Since the 1920''s there have been in Afghanistan a conflict between modernist and Islamic fundamentalist. The
conception of the role of women has been always a conservative one by the Islamic fundamentalist.
Afghanistan gained its independence in 1919 and inmidiately the modernization process of the country started.
The government ordered that no women should walk in parks wearing the old-fashioned head to foot veil
(Stewart, 1973, p.377). In fact, King Amanullah and Queen Soraya took position against the seclusion of
women. During the mid 20''s legislation concerning marriage, engagements, dowries and circumcision
materialize. Women were also animated to establish their own organization (in 1921, the first Women''s
Magazines were founded by Queen Soraya), and education was encouraged.
However, this reforms were cancel due to the tremendous
opposition against women unveil in public from many sectors of the
society. In fact, many schools for girls were closed. From 1929 to
the 1963, women submit to veiling and seclusion once again.
Segregation was established in all aspect of the society: cinemas,
schools, and university faculties were established only for women. It
should be mentioned that according to Micheline Centlivres, the
emancipation of women at this time was not a popular movement.
In 1959, women were encouraged to remove the "veil" and not to
use the burqa in official ceremonies. Later, thousands of women had
appeared in public unveiled. According to Micheline Centlivres this
measures had been dictated by a growing need withing the Afghan
administration for women to exercise semipublic functions such as
office employees, saleswomen and traditionally women occupations
in certain sectors (Centlivres-Demont, 1994, p.340).
During 1964 the Constitution was established and with it the first
women''s entry into the National Assembly. The first woman to be
cabinet member was Kubru Nurzai as Minister of Health. Later,
during 1970''s many women, especially from upper class, adopted
Western style of clothes. However, not all sectors of the society
accept the new code of behavior. In 1970 two conservative mullah
shot at the legs of female teachers and girl students dressed in
Western clothes, protesting the public display of female liberation in
the form of Western dress (Centlivres-Demont, 1994, p.340).
Join the discussion:
Imagine not being able to go outside your home or
being publicly beaten if you are "improperly" dress...
In 1978 when the communist came to power, a new episode for women began. The new "Basic Line of the
Revolutionary Duties of the Government of the DRA" provided women with changes in their status in society.
One of the changes was within the Decree Number 7 which forbids forced marriages and establishes a
minimum age for marriage, under penalty of imprisonment of up to three years (Centlivres-Demont, 1994,
p.344)
In addition, the Communist regime gave women the right to work. The Labor Law of 1984 ensured equal job
opportunities for everybody including women. By 1992, women constituted up to 50 percent of work force
(Centlivres-Demont, 1994, p.351). Women were serving in the army and thousand of women served in the
police until the Islamic fundamentalist came to power.
Article review: Centlivres-Demont., Afghan Women in Peace, War and Exile in The Politics of Social Transformation in
Afghanistan, Iran and Pakitan., Syracuse University, 1994.
Human Rights violations today
With the coming to power of Islamic fundamentalists in 1996 women''s right to full participation in social,
economic, cultural and political life of the country have been drastically diminish and today they are completely
denied by the ultra-fundamentalist Taliban.
Since 1992 until today women are totally deprived of basical humans rights:
The right to education
All schools closed.
The right to work
Women have been ordered to remain in their houses.
The right to travel
Woman cannot go outside the house alone.
The right to health
Woman cannot see a male doctor, and women cannot be operated upon by a surgical team containing a male
member.
The right to legal resources
Woman''s testimony is worth half a man''s testimony.
The right to recreation
Women''s recreational facilities have been banned, and female singers cannot sing.
The right to be WOMEN
Women cannot show their faces in public. They cannot wear bright coloured clothing or cannot wear make
up. They cannot wear shoes with heels that click since the clicking sound of the heels corrupt males.
Women, finally cannot raise their voices in public.
More Resources:
Of hier, vrouwen mogen nog niet eens stemmen in Kuwait
Kuwait: The only Gulf Arab state with elected parliament
Kuwait''s Constitutional Court has rejected a test case
seeking to give women the vote.
The case before the
country''s highest judicial
body was the latest move by
women and some male
supporters to try to end the
all-male dominance of
parliament and political
institutions.
The court rejected a case
brought by Adnan al-Isa, a
man who sued the elections
department for failing to
register the names of
women, including his wife,
on electoral lists.
The head of the court, Judge Abdullah al-Isa, gave no
immediate explanation on announcing the ruling. But it
is reported to have been based on the argument that
only the government, parliament and other courts can
submit petitions to the constitutional court.
Emir''s move spurned
In 1999, the Kuwaiti parliament voted down a decree by
the country''s ruling emir, Sheikh Jabar al-Ahmad
al-Sabah, which would have allowed women to vote.
Several women activists
responded by bringing
lawsuits to secure the right
themselves. However, in
July last year, the courts
rejected several such cases
over a technicality.
The Kuwaiti constitution
gives men and women
equal rights, but an election
law has since denied
women voting rights.
Kuwaiti women, said to be
among the most
emancipated in the
conservative Gulf region,
can travel, drive and work
without their fathers'' or husbands'' consent and hold
some senior government positions.
Women activists have other cases before Kuwaiti courts
as part of a drive to gain rights for women.
The latest move comes as Kuwait prepares to mark the
10th anniversary of the start of the Gulf War, which
convulsed the region.
Speaking after hearing the court ruling against him,
Adnan Isa said: "The entire state is walking on the path
of Islamist direction. Women''s rights were blocked in
parliament because of the Islamists."
Kuwait had its first general elections in 1962, just
months after independence, but parliament has been
suspended twice since then. The last elections were held
in July 1999.
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See also:
20 Jul 00 | Country
profiles
Country profile: Kuwait
30 Nov 99 | Middle East
No vote for Kuwaiti women
17 Jul 99 | Middle East
Kuwait''s royalty backs
women
09 Mar 99 | Middle East
Analysis: Gulf democracy
gets boost
01 Jul 99 | Middle East
Kuwait elections go online
15 Jan 01 | Middle East
Kuwait''s crossroads
Internet links:
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Kuwait Assembly
Kuwait Parliament
Kuwait Ministry of
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Kuwait News Agency
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Dat vind jij allemaal normaal?
Kijk voor wat meer nog even hier:
http://women3rdworld.miningco.com/newsissues/women3rdworld/msub30.htm
tsk
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Je gelooft dat jij bestaat, of wat? Je gelooft dat je een goed mens bent? Geloven in jezelf, wasdat 
van de westerse hypocrisie. Wel zeuren over de mensenrechten die geschonden worden in die landen, maar onderhands wel martelwerktuigen leveren en wapens verkopen. Voor bewijzen: kijk eens op de site van amnestie international.:strip_icc():strip_exif()/u/3095/nietzsche.jpg?f=community)
Shady, wat een loser ben jij zeg.. :strip_icc():strip_exif()/u/4258/crop602c277093836.jpg?f=community)
:strip_exif()/u/7013/spunky_main.gif?f=community)
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