Heidegger begint een verhaaltje over waarheid. Eerst over oordeelswaarheid. Later over vals goud: het is geen 'waar' goud, toch is het er. Het klopt niet. Het is niet zoals het hoort. De zaak klopt, maar het oordeel niet
Wat er bedoeld wordt met deze zaak is me nog niet echt duidelijk.
Later wordt de oordeelswaarheid juistheid en wordt waarheid omschreven met de afstemming van de zaak op de kennis en de afstemming van de kennis op de zaak.
Vervolgens komt een stuk tekst met veel latijn, wordt god erbij gehaald en dan is het spoor bijster.
Edit: nog iets in het engels gevonden:
2. The criticism of truth
The other way that Heidegger shakes the foundations of modern philosophy is by attacking traditional epistemology: directly by tearing down the view of truth as correspondence, and indirectly by dismantling the visual metaphor of truth.
To start with the issue of truth: The traditional view of truth is based on the view of human beings as essentially cognitive creatures, who represent the world of objects through ideas and concepts expressed in assertions. In this world view, truth denotes the correspondence between those mental or linguistic representations, on the one hand, and objects, facts or events in the world, on the other.
Heidegger argues against it is that it is impossible to validate such a correspondence and, moreover, that no one would even try. Instead, he maintains, for there to be a correspondence between ideas or statements and objects, the objects must first become manifest. The truth is their manifestation: their disclosure or uncovering, aletheia rather than correspondence.
Heidegger anchors his view of truth as aletheia in ancient philosophy. He attributes the concept to the pre-Socratic philosophers, mainly Heraclitus, Parmenides and Anaximander, who, he maintains, considered the essence of truth to lie in the disclosure of entities.
Along with replacing the concept of truth as correspondence with the concept of truth as aletheia, Heidegger creates a hierarchy of truth in which assertion - which traditionally had been identified with truth - is relegated to the lowest rung, preceded by Being on the first rung and by man on the second. In Heidegger's view. for beings to be manifested, the existence of a common background against which the manifestation occurs is required. The common background in which all beings appear is Being. In the hierarchy of the various meanings of truth, the privileged, primary level is reserved for Being.
The second level of the hierarchy is occupied by man, who has the ability to discover Being, since he is capable of perceiving Its manifestations in the world. Assertion occupies the lowest level because the fact that assertions have meaning and can be true or false is based on human existence, whose ontological structure is the foundation of predicative speech.
The reason traditional philosophers were unable to see that the disclosure of beings is the basis of truth lies, according to Heidegger, in the Platonic origin of traditional philosophy. Heidegger argues that Plato's allegory of the cave in the Republic is where the understanding of truth as aletheia gave way to the misunderstanding of truth as correspondence.
I will not elaborate on the way Heidegger's disects the allegory of the cave, but just point that his aim in demolishing the traditional visual metaphor for truth is to undermine modern Cartesian thinking.
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Voor 66% gewijzigd door
elgringo op 29-03-2004 07:54
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