The arithmetic and logic unit:
It is the unit which you control most of the time when you program in assembly language.
It deals with the additions, subtractions, multiplications, divisions, work on the bytes and the words (8, 16, or 32bits).
Thus it is this unit which is generally requested, and it is thus it which one tries to discharge from his work by using a FPU.
It comprises more than one hundred instructions and is thus very general-purpose.
On the other hand its work gives only results coded by a register: integers.
It has access also to registers of 8, 16, or 32bits (AL, AX, EAX, ...).
The Floating Point Unit:
It is there for stage with the weaknesses of ALU during the calculation of floating point numbers.
Thus the FPU is a Hardware solution which thus allows a particularly fast calculation. Even for hard requests.
It works with its 8 registers (FP0-FP1-... -FP7) and memory datas, it processes cos, sin, tan, comparisons, square roots, etc...
Its registers are particular because these registers code the floating point values (4, 8,10bytes registers,and 14/94bytebuffers).
INTEL has the characteristic to create more powerful FPUs than its competitors.
This unit is very much used by the 3D computation softwares (raytracing, games...) and nowadays it is not enough any more.
In the past there was a connector (socket) for the FPU on the motherboard; today ALU and FPU make both part of the CPU and can thus communicate easily to the bus of the processor and its high frequency.
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hier voor alle cpu units.