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International Organization for Standardization
ISO (International Organization for Standardization ), founded in 1946, is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies from some 100 countries, one from each country. Among the standards it fosters is Open Systems Interconnection (OSI), a universal reference model for communication protocols. Many countries have national standards organizations such as the American National Standards Institute (American National Standards Institute) that participate in and contribute to ISO standards making.
"ISO" is not an abbreviation. It is a word, derived from the Greek isos, meaning "equal", which is the root for the prefix "iso-" that occurs in a host of terms, such as "isometric" (of equal measure or dimensions) and "isonomy" (equality of laws, or of people before the law). The name ISO is used around the world to denote the organization, thus avoiding the plethora of abbreviations that would result from the translation of "International Organization for Standardization" into the different national languages of members, (for example, IOS in English or OIN in French - for Organisation internationale de normalisation). Whatever the country, the short form of the Organization's name is always ISO.