Volgens VirtualDub help:
composite video
A way of transferring both video luminance and chrominance information over only one wire, instead of two as in S-Video. This causes a loss in video quality, particularly in the chrominance, but it’s ubiquitous; nearly every VCR accepts and outputs composite video, and some TVs will accept it as well. Older computer monitors will also accept composite video. Lousy as it is, composite video is better than modulated video, video attached to a TV channel.
S-Video
A way of connecting two video devices using two separate connections, one for luminance information, and another for chrominance. This saves the trouble of mixing the two together into a single signal and splitting it out again, as with composite video, and results in better quality.
The caveats of composite video
Composite video is so named because it mixes luminance and chrominance information into a single signal. Specifically, a technique known as quadrature encoding piles the color information in on a 3.579545MHz color subcarrier. Go through the math for NTSC:
Color subcarrier 3.579545 MHz
Horizontal refresh rate 15.735 KHz
(Color subcarrier) / (Horiz rate) approx. 227.5 color clocks per line
What this means is that you must have at least enough signal quality to support 227.5 luminance pixels across an entire scanline before you even begin to pick up color. Not only that, but you'll need more bandwidth to be able to accurately represent color. Basically, the color in any composite signal will degrade long before brightness information will; this is extremely apparent in VHS video, where color variation sets in after one generation or so. For this reason, the TV filter should be used with composite video to clean up color artifacts unless the incoming signal is very clean.
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