* Bl@ckbird heeft het idee, dat iedereen denkt dat Bluetooth een mooi sinus signaaltje is...
Van
Wikipedia:
The protocol operates in the license-free ISM band at 2.45 GHz. In order to avoid interfering with other protocols which use the 2.45 GHz band, the Bluetooth protocol divides the band into 79 channels (each 1 MHz wide) and changes channels up to 1600 times per second. Implementations with versions 1.1 and 1.2 reach speeds of 723.1 kbit/s. Version 2.0 implementations feature Bluetooth Enhanced Data Rate (EDR), and thus reach 2.1 Mbit/s. Technically version 2.0 devices have a higher power consumption, but the three times faster rate reduces the transmission times, effectively reducing consumption to half that of 1.x devices (assuming equal traffic load).
Een andere
link, gevonden via Wikipedia:
RF system
Running in the 2.4 GHz ISM band, Bluetooth employs frequency hopping techniques with the carrier modulated using Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK).
With many other users on the ISM band from microwave ovens to Wi-Fi, the hopping carrier enables interference to be avoided by Bluetooth devices. A Bluetooth transmission only remains on a given frequency for a short time, and if any interference is present the data will be re-sent later when the signal has changed to a different channel which is likely to be clear of other interfering signals. The standard uses a hopping rate of 1600 hops per second. These are spread over 79 fixed frequencies and they are chosen in a pseudo-random sequence. The fixed frequencies occur at 2400 + n MHz where the value of n varies from 1 to 79. This gives frequencies of 2402, 2404 ….. 2480 MHz. In some countries the ISM band allocation does not allow the full range of frequencies to be used. In France, Japan and Spain, the hop sequence has to be restricted to only 23 frequencies because of the ISM band allocation is smaller.
During the development of the Bluetooth standard it was decided to adopt the use of frequency hopping system rather than a direct sequence spread spectrum approach because it is able to operate over a greater dynamic range. If direct sequence spread spectrum techniques were used then other transmitters nearer to the receiver would block the required transmission if it is further away and weaker.
Modulation
The way in which the data is modulated onto the Bluetooth carrier was also carefully chosen. A form of frequency shift keying known as Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying is employed. Here the frequency of the carrier is shifted to carry the modulation. A binary one is represented by a positive frequency deviation and a binary zero is represented by a negative frequency deviation. It is then filtered using a filter with a Gaussian response curve to ensure the sidebands do not extend too far either side of the main carrier. By doing this it achieves a bandwidth of 1 MHz with stringent filter requirements to prevent interference on other channels. For correct operation the level of BT is set to 0.5 and the modulation index must be between 0.28 and 0.35.
Transmitter power levels
The transmitter powers for Bluetooth are quite low, although there are three different classes of output dependent upon the anticipated use and the range required. Power Class 1 is designed for long range communications up to about 100m devices, and this has a maximum output power of 20 dBm, Next is Power Class 2 which is used for what are termed for ordinary range devices with a range up to about 10m, with a maximum output power of 4 dBm. Finally there is Power Class 3 for short range devices. This support communication only to about 10cm and it has a maximum output power of 0 dBm.
There are also some frequency accuracy requirements for Bluetooth transmissions. The transmitted initial centre frequency must be within ±75 kHz from the receiver centre frequency. The initial frequency accuracy is defined as being the frequency accuracy before any information is transmitted and as such any frequency drift requirement is not included.
In order to enable effective communications to take place in an environment where a number of devices may receive the signal, each device has its own identifier. This is provided by having a 48 bit hard wired address identity giving a total of 2.815 x 10^14 unique identifiers.
Als je hier iets hardwarematigs voor wil bouwen heb je nodig:
1 Profi test apparatuur, zoals een oscilloscoop / spectrum analyzer.
2 De volledige specs van Bluetooth op het gebied van RF.
3 Uitgebreide kennis op het gebied van electronica en HF transmissiesystemen.
Als ik jou was, zou ik de specs opvragen van Bluetooth. Het RF pad is een klein deel van de Bluetooth specificatie. Zo is er bijvoorbeeld ook een complete protocolstack gedefiniëerd.
Er zullen vast wel parameters zijn, die je softwarematig uit de hardware kan vissen.
(Over bijv. de veldsterkte / verzonden vermogen, enz.)
Volledige specs kun je vinden op:
https://www.bluetooth.org/spec/
(Maar daar moet je je natuurlijk weer voor registreren

)